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Luxembourg and Germany

The same question asked of every column. Numbers that break down by age or sex follow the controls; the rest stay country-wide and say so.

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Luxembourg

Germany

The widest gap is Public spending on them: Luxembourg €64,412 against Germany €25,639, 2.51× apart.

Ageall ages
Sex

One question per row

The faint tick on each bar is the EU27 figure.

Figure
Luxembourg
Germany

People

Median age5.7 years
39.8 years
45.5 years
Life expectancy at birth2.0 years
83.2 years
81.2 years
People122.55×
682k
83.6m
People per square kilometre11.5%
264 per km²
237 per km²
Women in the population0.9 points
49.7%
50.7%
Born abroad31.0 points
51.5%
20.5%
Born outside the EU6.0 points
19.0%
13.0%

Money and work

Disposable income per person73.2%
€50,046
€28,891
Average net income79.1%
€59,681
€33,324
Take-home pay, average-wage worker52.9%
€55,877
€36,535
Gross pay, average-wage worker44.4%
€83,760
€58,008
Minimum wage18.3%
€2,771
€2,343
In work, age 20 to 647.2 points
73.9%
81.1%
Out of work2.7 points
6.5%
3.8%
Hours worked a week3.0 hours
38.0 hours
35.0 hours
At risk of poverty1.3 points
14.8%
16.1%
Housing costs over 40% of income3.1 points
8.1%
11.2%
GDP per person2.40×
€130,300
€54,240

Family and home

People at home15.0%
2.3
2.0
Households with children7.6 points
31.0%
23.4%
Children per woman8.8%
1.25
1.36
Own their home16.9 points
64.1%
47.2%

Health and daily life

Hospital beds93.7%
392 per 100,000 people
759 per 100,000 people
Doctors67.7%
284 per 100,000 people
476 per 100,000 people
Nurses2.4%
1,208 per 100,000 people
1,237 per 100,000 people

Education

With a degree20.3 points
55.7%
35.4%
Students per 1,000 people3.16×
12.4 per 1,000 people
39.2 per 1,000 people

Public spending

Public spending on them2.51×
€64,412
€25,639
Tax raised per person2.62×
€55,503
€21,194
Government debt37.0 points
26.5%
63.5%

Country and infrastructure

Land area137.79×
2,595 km²
357,569 km²
Railway density4.8%
104.8 per 1,000 km²
109.8 per 1,000 km²
Motorway density72.7%
64.6 per 1,000 km²
37.4 per 1,000 km²
Cars per 1,000 people12.6%
668 per 1,000 people
593 per 1,000 people
Households with internet5.5 points
99.1%
93.6%
Tourist nights per resident4.0%
5.48
5.27

Environment

Renewable energy3.7 points
20.2%
23.9%
Land under forest1.8 points
34.3%
32.5%

Where €100 of public spending goes

Every euro each general government spends, sorted into the ten functions all 27 countries report against. Open a row for the ranking of 27 and what sits inside it.

Luxembourg

Germany

Function
Luxembourg
Germany
11.5%
13.0%
2.1%
2.7%
2.9%
3.3%
12.1%
11.0%
2.5%
1.2%
1.6%
1.0%
11.8%
15.4%
2.8%
2.2%
10.5%
9.1%
42.2%
41.3%

Reference year 2025. Total public spending €100.00 in every column, so the ten shares always add up to one hundred.

Frequently asked: Luxembourg and Germany

  1. Where do more people live: Luxembourg or Germany?

    The gap is 122.55×: Germany 83.6m, Luxembourg 682k. People usually resident in the country on 1 January. Eurostat · People & Women in the population · 2025. See the figure

  2. Which covers more ground: Luxembourg or Germany?

    The gap is 137.79×: Germany 357,569, Luxembourg 2,595. Total area of the country, inland water included. Eurostat · Land area & People per square kilometre · 2026. See the figure

  3. Where are there more university students per 1,000 people: Luxembourg or Germany?

    The gap is 3.16×: Germany 39.2, Luxembourg 12.4. People in higher education, per 1,000 residents. Eurostat · University students & Students per 1,000 people · 2024. See the figure

  4. Where is GDP per person higher: Luxembourg or Germany?

    The gap is 2.40×: Luxembourg €130,300, Germany €54,240. Gross domestic product at current market prices, divided by the population. Eurostat · GDP per person · 2025. See the figure

  5. Where is more tax raised per resident: Luxembourg or Germany?

    The gap is 2.62×: Luxembourg €55,503, Germany €21,194. Taxes and net social contributions received by general government, per resident. Eurostat · Tax raised per person · 2025. See the figure

  6. Which government spends more per resident: Luxembourg or Germany?

    The gap is 2.51×: Luxembourg €64,412, Germany €25,639. Total general government expenditure divided by the population: all levels of government together. Eurostat · Public spending by function · 2025. See the figure

  7. Where were more residents born abroad: Luxembourg or Germany?

    The gap is 31.0 points: Luxembourg 51.5%, Germany 20.5%. Share of residents born in another country. Eurostat records country of birth, not ethnicity. Eurostat · Born abroad & Born outside the EU · 2025. See the figure

  8. Where are there more hospital beds per 100,000 people: Luxembourg or Germany?

    The gap is 93.7%: Germany 759, Luxembourg 392. Beds available in hospitals, per 100,000 residents. Eurostat · Hospital beds · 2025. See the figure

  9. Where do more people own their home: Luxembourg or Germany?

    The gap is 16.9 points: Luxembourg 64.1%, Germany 47.2%. Share of people living in a home owned by their household, mortgaged or outright. Eurostat · Own their home · 2025. See the figure

  10. Where does more energy come from renewables: Luxembourg or Germany?

    The gap is 3.7 points: Germany 23.9%, Luxembourg 20.2%. Share of final energy use that comes from renewable sources. Eurostat · Renewable energy · 2025. See the figure

Medians where possible, per-capita averages for spending. This person is a composite of published statistics, not the most common person in the country.